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1. c++ concepts

 ★ c++ Oops concepts :-


           The major purpose of C++ programming is to introduce the concept of object orientation to the C programming language.
           Object Oriented Programming is a paradigm that provides many concepts such as inheritance, data binding, polymorphism etc.
           The programming paradigm where everything is represented as an object is known as truly object-oriented programming language. Smalltalk is considered as the first truly objectoriented programming language.


★ Oops introduction :-

          Object-Oriented Programming is a methodology or paradigm to design a program using classes and objects. It simplifies the software development and maintenance by providing some concepts:

• Object
• Class
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Abstraction
• Encapsulation


● Object :-

         Any entity that has state and behavior is known as an object. For example: chair, pen, table, keyboard, bike etc. It can be physical and logical.

● Class :-

        Collection of objects is called class. It is a logical entity. 

● Inheritance :-

        When one object acquires all the properties and behaviours of parent object i.e. known as inheritance. It provides code reusability. It is used to achieve runtime polymorphism.

● Polymorphism :-
  
        When one task is performed by different ways i.e. known as polymorphism. For example: to convince the customer differently, to draw something e.g. shape or rectangle etc.
In C++, we use Function overloading and Function overriding to achieve polymorphism.

● Abstraction :-

        Hiding internal details and showing functionality is known as abstraction. For example: phone call, we don't know the internal processing.
In C++, we use abstract class and interface to achieve abstraction.

● Encapsulation :-

       Binding (or wrapping) code and data together into a single unit is known as 
encapsulation. For example: capsule, it is wrapped with different medicines.


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