5. Operator of c++

 

• Operators:-

              An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical operation or logical manipulations.

C++ provides the following type of operators.

1) Arithmetic Operators 

2) Relational Operators 

3) Logical Operators 

4) Bitwise Operators 

5) Assignment Operators 

6) Misc Operators 

1) Arithmatic Operators:- 

            There are following arithmetic operators supported by c++ language. Assume variable A holds 10 and variable b holds 20 then,

Operator	Description	Example
+	Adds two operands	A+B will give 30
-	Subtracts second operand from the first	A - B will give -10
*	Multiplies both operands	A * B will give 200
/	Divides numerator by de-numerator	B / A will give 2
%	Modulus Operator and remainder of after an integer division	B % A will give 0
++	increment operator , increases integer value by one	A++ will give 11
--	Decrement opeartor , decreases integer value by one	A-- will give 9

2) Relational Operators:- 

          There are following relational operators supported by C++ language. Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then:

Operator	Description	Example
==	Checks if the values of two operands are equal or not, if yes then condition becomes true.	(A == B) is not true.
!=	Checks if the values of two operands are equal or not, if values are not equal then condition becomes true.	(A != B) is true.
>	Checks if the value of left operand is greater than the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.	(A > B) is not true.
<	Checks if the value of left operand is less than the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.	(A < B) is true.
>=	Checks if the value of left operand is greater than or equal to the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.	(A >= B) is not true.
<=	Checks if the value of left operand is less than or equal to the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.	(A <= B) is true

3) Logical Operators:- 

          

             There are following arithmetic operators supported by c++ language. Assume variable A holds 1 and variable b holds 0 then,

Operator	Description	Example
&&	Called Logical AND operator. If both the operands are non-zero, then condition becomes true.	(A && B) is false.
||	Called Logical OR Operator. If any of the two operands is non-zero, then condition becomes true.	(A || B) is true
!	Called Logical NOT Operator. Use to reverses the logical state of its operand. If a condition is true, then Logical NOT operator will make false.	!(A && B) is true.

4) Bitwise Operators:- 

            Bitwise operator works on bits and perform bit-by-bit operation. The truth tables for &, |, and ^ are as follows: 

p	q	p&q	p|q	p^q
0	0	0	0	0
0	1	0	1	1
1	0	0	1	1
1	1	1	1	0

Assume if A = 60; and B = 13; now in binary format they will be as follows: 

A = 0011 1100 

B = 0000 1101 

----------------- 

A&B = 0000 1100 

A|B = 0011 1101 

A^B = 0011 0001 

~A = 1100 0011

Operator	Description	Example
&	Binary AND Operator copies a bit to the result if it exists in both operands.	(A & B) will give 12 which is 0000 1100
|	Binary OR Operator copies a bit if it exists in either operand	(A | B) will give 61 which is 0011 1101
^	Binary XOR Operator copies the bit if it is set in one operand but not both	(A ^ B) will give 49 which is 0011 0001
~	Binary Ones Complement Operator is unary and has the effect of 'flipping' bits.	(~A ) will give -61 which is 1100 0011 in 2's complement  form due to a signed binary number
<<	Binary Left Shift Operator. The left operands value is moved left by the number of bits specified by the right operand.	A << 2 will give 240 which is 1111 0000
>>	Binary Right Shift Operator. The left operands value is moved right by the number of bits specified by the right operand	A >> 2 will give 15 which is 0000 1111

5) Assignment Operators:- 

         There are following assignment operators supported by C++ language:

Operator	Description	Example
=	Simple assignment operator, Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand	C = A + B will assign value of A + B into C
+=	Add AND assignment operator, It adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left operand	C += A is equivalent to C = C + A
-=	Subtract AND assignment operator, It subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operand	(C -= A is equivalent to C = C - A
*=	Multiply AND assignment operator, It multiplies right operand with the left operand and assign the result to left operand	C *= A is equivalent to C = C * A
/=	Divide AND assignment operator, It divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand	C /= A is equivalent to C = C / A
%=	Modulus AND assignment operator, It takes modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand	C %= A is equivalent to C = C % A
<<=	Left shift AND assignment operator	C <<= 2 is same as C = C << 2
>>=	Right shift AND assignment operator	C >>= 2 is same as C = C >> 2
&=	Bitwise AND assignment operator	C &= 2 is same as C = C & 2
^=	bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator	C ^= 2 is same as C = C ^ 2
|=	bitwise inclusive OR and assignment operator	C |= 2 is same as C = C | 2

Previous

Next